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BackTable / VI / Article
2025 Thoracentesis CPT Code
Bryant Schmitz • Updated Jul 31, 2025 • 53 hits
Thoracentesis CPT code 32554 is used by interventional radiologists, pulmonologists, and hospitalists to report the percutaneous aspiration of pleural fluid without imaging guidance and without placement of an indwelling catheter. This procedure is typically performed to relieve pleural effusion or for diagnostic sampling. This article clarifies the correct CPT coding and documentation guidelines to ensure compliant and accurate billing.
Table of Contents
(1) CPT Code for Thoracentesis
(2) Detailed Description of CPT Code 32554
(3) Coding & Billing Considerations
(4) Why Proper Coding Is Important
(5) What is a CPT Code?
(6) Disclaimer
CPT Code for Thoracentesis
CPT code 32554 applies to thoracentesis procedures performed without imaging guidance and without the placement of an indwelling catheter. It describes a manual aspiration of pleural fluid using a needle or catheter.
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Detailed Description of CPT Code 32554
• CPT Code: 32554
• Code Description: Thoracentesis, needle or catheter, aspiration of the pleural space; without imaging guidance
• Inclusions: Percutaneous needle or catheter insertion, fluid aspiration, bedside procedural setup
• Exclusions: Use of imaging guidance (bill 32555 instead), placement of an indwelling catheter (coded separately if performed), laboratory/pathology analysis of aspirated fluid
Coding & Billing Considerations
• Use CPT 32554 only when the procedure is performed without any imaging guidance such as ultrasound or fluoroscopy.
• If ultrasound or other imaging is used to guide the needle placement, use CPT code 32555 instead.
• Do not report this code in combination with codes for chest tube placement unless performed at a separate session or site.
• Modifier -50 may be applicable if thoracentesis is performed bilaterally; confirm payer-specific rules.
• Document clearly in the procedure note that no imaging guidance was used.
• Ensure the operative note specifies whether fluid was aspirated for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
Why Proper Coding Is Important
Correctly identifying and using CPT code 32554 ensures appropriate reimbursement and aligns with documentation standards. Accurate coding reflects the actual services rendered, supports medical necessity, and helps prevent denials or audits. This reinforces the importance of clarity in procedural documentation and adherence to payer requirements.
What is a CPT Code?
CPT stands for Current Procedural Terminology. These codes are used by medical professionals to describe procedures and services performed. CPT codes are crucial for the billing process, allowing healthcare providers to communicate with insurance companies and other payers about the procedures performed.
Disclaimer
The information provided here reflects our understanding of the procedure(s) and/or device(s). This information should not be construed as authoritative. We encourage you to consult CMS.
Podcast Contributors
Dr. Karen Brown
Dr. Karen Brown is the Section Chief of Interventional Radiology at the University of Utah.
Dr. Aaron Fritts
Dr. Aaron Fritts is an interventional radiologist and a Co-Founder of BackTable.
Cite This Podcast
BackTable, LLC (Producer). (2022, May 9). Ep. 206 – Improving Workflow Efficiency: Starting with Paracentesis [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from https://www.backtable.com
Disclaimer: The Materials available on BackTable.com are for informational and educational purposes only and are not a substitute for the professional judgment of a healthcare professional in diagnosing and treating patients. The opinions expressed by participants of the BackTable Podcast belong solely to the participants, and do not necessarily reflect the views of BackTable.
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